{"id":19788,"date":"2025-08-31T22:29:54","date_gmt":"2025-08-31T20:29:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/conexionsp.com\/cuando-llegue-ya-te-habias-ido-le-plus-que-parfait\/"},"modified":"2025-09-02T16:18:11","modified_gmt":"2025-09-02T14:18:11","slug":"cuando-llegue-ya-te-habias-ido-le-plus-que-parfait","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/conexionsp.com\/fr\/cuando-llegue-ya-te-habias-ido-le-plus-que-parfait\/","title":{"rendered":"Cuando llegu\u00e9 ya te hab\u00edas ido: le plus-que-parfait"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\n\tE<\/span>\n\t\t\t

Dans cet article nous verrons le pret\u00e9rito pluscuamperfecto de indicativo, un temps verbal utilis\u00e9, comme le plus-que-parfait en fran\u00e7ais, pour exprimer des actions qui se sont produites avant d'autres actions qui se sont \u00e9galement produites dans le pass\u00e9. C'est un temps verbal compos\u00e9, il se forme avec le verbe haber au pret\u00e9rito imperfecto plus le participe pass\u00e9 du verbe principal. Avec cette structure on introduit l'action la plus ant\u00e9rieure dans le temps, et l'action post\u00e9rieure s'introduit g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement au pret\u00e9rito indefinido. Ainsi, nous verrons la formation de ce temps verbal, ses usages les plus fr\u00e9quents et des exemples. Allons-y!\n<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Formation du pret\u00e9rito pluscuamperfecto.<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ce temps verbal se forme avec le pret\u00e9rito imperfecto du verbe haber<\/em> plus le participe pass\u00e9 du verbe principal. Les participes r\u00e9guliers s’obtiennent en enlevant la terminaison aux verbes (-ar, -er, -ir) de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 obtenir la racine, et en ajoutant \u00e0 cette racine les terminaisons –ado<\/em> pour les verbes termin\u00e9s en -ar et –ido<\/em> pour les verbes termin\u00e9s en -er et -ir: cantar: cantado, comer: comido, vivir: vivido. Bien s\u00fbr, il existe des participes irr\u00e9guliers, et beaucoup d’entre eux sont d’usage tr\u00e8s fr\u00e9quent. Ici<\/strong> <\/a>tu peux lire davantage sur ce sujet.<\/p>

Pret\u00e9rito imperfecto de indicativo du verbe haber.<\/i><\/p>

Yo hab\u00eda<\/i><\/p>

T\u00fa hab\u00edas<\/i><\/p>

\u00c9l\/Ella\/Usted hab\u00eda<\/i><\/p>

Nosotros\/as hab\u00edamos<\/i><\/p>

Vosotros\/as hab\u00edais<\/i><\/p>

Ellos\/Ellas\/Ustedes hab\u00edan<\/i><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Usages du pret\u00e9rito pluscuamperfecto.<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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L’usage principal du pret\u00e9rito pluscuamperfecto est d’introduire des actions conclues dans le pass\u00e9 qui se sont produites pr\u00e9alablement \u00e0 une autre action \u00e9galement pass\u00e9e.<\/p>

Cuando llegu\u00e9 a casa, mis padres ya hab\u00edan cenado.<\/strong> (Quand je suis arriv\u00e9 \u00e0 la maison, mes parents avaient d\u00e9j\u00e0 d\u00een\u00e9). (D’abord: mes parents ont d\u00een\u00e9 \/ Ensuite: je suis arriv\u00e9).<\/p>

Mar\u00eda se dio cuenta de que hab\u00eda perdido las llaves.<\/strong> (Mar\u00eda s’est rendu compte qu’elle avait perdu les cl\u00e9s). (D’abord: Mar\u00eda a perdu les cl\u00e9s \/ Ensuite: elle s’en est rendu compte).<\/p>

Dans certains cas l’ordre de la phrase peut \u00eatre invers\u00e9: mis padres ya hab\u00edan cenado cuando llegu\u00e9 a casa<\/em> est valide, mais de que hab\u00eda perdido las llaves Mar\u00eda se dio cuenta<\/em> ne l’est pas. La raison de ceci sera mati\u00e8re pour un autre article mais, pour simplifier, si la proposition subordonn\u00e9e compl\u00e8te le sens du verbe de la principale, l’ordre ne peut pas \u00eatre chang\u00e9. C’est-\u00e0-dire, si nous ne pouvons pas s\u00e9parer les deux propositions sans que se perde le sens de la principale: Mar\u00eda se dio cuenta,<\/em> sans marqueurs d\u00e9ictiques (c’est-\u00e0-dire, de contexte r\u00e9el), cataphoriques (quelque chose de post\u00e9rieur dans le discours ou le texte) ou anaphoriques (quelque chose d’ant\u00e9rieur dans le discours ou le texte) ne transmet aucun message, parce que darse cuenta<\/em> a besoin d’un objet direct. En revanche, si nous disons llegu\u00e9<\/em> ou mis padres cenaron<\/em> nous transmettons un message dans les deux cas.<\/p>

Le pret\u00e9rito pluscuamperfecto s’utilise aussi pour introduire des cons\u00e9quences d’actions ou de situations pass\u00e9es:<\/p>

Estaba muy cansada porque hab\u00eda trabajado toda la noche.<\/strong> (Elle \u00e9tait tr\u00e8s fatigu\u00e9e parce qu’elle avait travaill\u00e9 toute la nuit).<\/p>

El jard\u00edn estaba seco porque no hab\u00eda llovido en semanas.<\/strong> (Le jardin \u00e9tait sec parce qu’il n’avait pas plu depuis des semaines).<\/p>

No vino a la fiesta porque no hab\u00eda dormido bien.<\/strong> (Il n’est pas venu \u00e0 la f\u00eate parce qu’il n’avait pas bien dormi).<\/p>

Comme on le voit dans les exemples, dans ce cas nous introduirons souvent, comme cons\u00e9quence de l’action pass\u00e9e, un \u00e9tat<\/em>, c’est-\u00e0-dire, quelque chose de durable dans le temps et non une action ponctuelle. Dans ce cas nous utilisons le pret\u00e9rito imperfecto pour l’introduire, et non le pret\u00e9rito indefinido comme quand nous introduisons des actions.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Usage fr\u00e9quent avec ya.<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ce temps verbal s’utilise fr\u00e9quemment avec l’adverbe ya (d\u00e9j\u00e0), qui souligne l’ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9 temporelle de l’action exprim\u00e9e au pluscuamperfecto. Cet adverbe, dans ce cas, renforce l’id\u00e9e que l’action introduite s’est termin\u00e9e.<\/p>

Cuando llegu\u00e9 al cine, la pel\u00edcula hab\u00eda comenzado.\u00a0<\/b>(Quand je suis arriv\u00e9 au cin\u00e9ma, le film avait commenc\u00e9).<\/p>

Cuando llegu\u00e9 al cine, la pel\u00edcula <\/b>ya <\/i><\/b>hab\u00eda comenzado.<\/b> (Quand je suis arriv\u00e9 au cin\u00e9ma, le film avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 commenc\u00e9). Plus emphatique.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Usage avec les pronoms r\u00e9fl\u00e9chis.<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Les pronoms r\u00e9fl\u00e9chis se placent dans tous les cas avant le verbe haber.<\/p>

Cuando llegaste, <\/b>me hab\u00eda<\/i><\/b> vestido.\u00a0<\/b> (Quand tu es arriv\u00e9, je m’\u00e9tais habill\u00e9).<\/p>

Cuando llegaste, yo <\/b>me hab\u00eda <\/i><\/b>vestido.<\/b><\/p>

Cuando llegaste, yo ya <\/b>me hab\u00eda <\/i><\/b>vestido.<\/b><\/p>

Nous sommes arriv\u00e9s \u00e0 la fin. Ce temps verbal est d’usage tr\u00e8s fr\u00e9quent dans la langue, alors je te laisse ici<\/strong> <\/a>des exercices pour le pratiquer. Et, bien que comme tous les sujets dans l’acquisition des langues il ait ses difficult\u00e9s et requi\u00e8re de la pratique, au moins dans les langues que je parle\/apprends il a ses \u00e9quivalents alors, comme j’ai \u00e9crit dans d’autres articles, la grammaire comparative aide \u00e0 la compr\u00e9hension. Et sur ce sujet en particulier, elle aide beaucoup. Merci d’avoir lu!<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>Pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/span><\/span>Anterior<\/span>\u00c0 quel point les <ins\u00e9rer la vari\u00e9t\u00e9 ici> parlent mal! (1) Lambdacisme<\/span><\/span><\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\tSiguiente<\/span>Objets directs et indirects: transforme les phrases<\/span><\/span><\/path><\/svg>Suivant<\/span><\/span><\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El pret\u00e9rito pluscuamperfecto de indicativo. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19765,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[146],"tags":[160],"class_list":["post-19788","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-grammaire","tag-feed-fr"],"yoast_head":"\nCuando llegu\u00e9 ya te hab\u00edas ido: le plus-que-parfait - Conexi\u00f3n Espa\u00f1ol. 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